1-What is the role of the Nurse Practitioner in the use of psychotropic medications? What is so important the knowledge of these class of medications?
2-Define psychopharmacology and pharmacodynamics and describe the neuron’s cellular structure. Include the definition of synapses as well as their significance to the nervous and psychological system.
After studying Module 3: Lecture Materials & Resources, discuss the following:
How has COVID-19 affected your personal beliefs/values in your clinical practice? Include an example.
1.
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Answer the following questions in a one or two-page summary of the following questions:
1. Describe the
four physical assessment techniques discussed in the textbook. Why is it important to perform the assessment techniques in order?
2. Describe the significant characteristics of a general survey. Why is the general survey important?
3.
Conduct a pain assessment on a family member/friend using
one of the pain scales that are discussed in the textbook. Document your findings in a summarized format. (see instructions below).
You may conduct the pain assessment on a fellow student, friend, or family member. Remember to secure their permission.
Include both subjective and objective data when performing the pain assessment &
don't forget to ask the “PQRST” questions using the process described in the textbook.
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Unit 11 Discussion Medications for Pain Management. 800w. 4 references. Due 11-01-23
1. Why are many parties, including the U.S. Government, concerned about the use of opioids for pain management?
2. Provide input on the following article “America’s opioid crisis: the need for an integrated public health approach” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7286889/
3. Which mental health disorders are commonly associated with patients who also need pain relief? ——–I believe this is depression and anxiety.
https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/pain-anxiety-and-depression. https://www.healthcentral.com/pain-management/chronic-pain-and-mental-health
4. What is an MME and how is it calculated?
Responses need to address all components of the question, demonstrate critical thinking and analysis and include peer-reviewed journal evidence to support the student’s position.
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with in-text citations and corresponding references in APA format.
Please review the rubric to ensure that your response meets the criteria.
Medications for Pain Management Pain relievers in the opioid class work by binding to specific cells known as opioid receptors in the brain and nervous system. Opioid drugs dull pain perception and heighten pleasure when they bind to opioid receptors within brain cells, activated when the blood reaches the brain. That which makes opiate painkillers so effective also makes them potentially harmful. Many organizations are concerned about opioids because while at lesser dosages, they may make patients sleepy (Townsend et al., 2021). In more significant quantities, they can cause breathing and heart rate slowdowns, resulting in death. Additionally, the pleasurable effects of opioids might make the patients crave more of them, which can be a dangerous spiral into addiction. By taking medications as prescribed, patients can lessen the likelihood of experiencing adverse effects. Patients should inform their healthcare providers of all their drugs and supplements (Mark & Paris, 2019). Significant evidence also links chronic pain to mental health issues and substance dependence. However, the exact nature of the connection, particularly in terms of causation, is sometimes unclear. According to Slawek et al. (2022), pain can increase mental health difficulties such as anxiety, difficulty sleeping, depression, and panic disorders, while stress and depression can make chronic pain severe. Pain can also make it more difficult to sleep. Opioid overdose most commonly causes respiratory depression, which can cause severe consequences or even death. When a patient is close to a potentially harmful threshold, medical professionals look at their daily morphine equivalent doses (MED),which is the sum of the MMEs of all opioids they are likely to take within 24 hours. The Morphine Milligram equivalent (MME) value is the relative potency of a dose of opioids compared to morphine (Dasgupta, This study source was downloaded by 100000769192234 from CourseHero.com on 10-22-2023 14:20:45 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/184520553/Unit-11-Discussion-Pain-Managementdocx/ 2 2021). MME aims to aid physicians in making safe and appropriate judgments when considering modifications to existing opiate treatment plans. The MME converts multiple different opiate doses into a uniform number based on the strength of morphine using a universal conversion factor defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Every prescription is given in MME daily according to the CDC conversion factor, dosage, and the number of days' worth of medication. Each opiate dose a patient takes per day is converted to milligrams of morphine using a morphine-based conversion factor, and the daily average rate is then used to determine the MME. This study source was downloaded by 100000769192234 from CourseHero.com on 10-22-2023 14:20:45 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/184520553/Unit-11-Discussion-Pain-Managementdocx/ 3 References Dasgupta, N. (2021). Verbatim MME calculation methods from studies cited in the CDC pain guideline identified from a previous methods review. FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://doi.org/10.17615/95wd-3150 Mark, T. L., & Parish, W. (2019). Opioid medication discontinuation and risk of adverse opioidrelated health care events. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 101(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2019.05.001 Slawek, D. E., Syed, M., Cunningham, C. O., Zhang, C., Ross, J., Herman, M., Sohler, N., Minami, H., Levin, F. R., Arnsten, J. H., & Starrels, J. L. (2022). Pain catastrophizing and mental health phenotypes in adults with refractory chronic pain: A latent class analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 145(1), 102-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.001 Townsend, T., Cerda, M., Bohnert, A., Legisetty, P., & Haffajee, R. L. (2021). CDC guideline for opioid prescribing associated with reduced dispensing to certain patients with chronic pain: Study examines the impact of CDC guidelines for opioid prescribing. Health Affairs, 40(11), 1766-1775. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00135
Discuss the five essential qualities of leadership “will” and at least five strategies the nursing leader can implement to foster willingness and hope among team members.
Expectations
Initial Post:
cite at least 2 US sources in apa format
What is risk
Using the input and suggestions from the peer-edited first draft, write the final version of your research paper in 2,500 and 3,000 words.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is required. Use your chosen peer-reviewed journal for in-text citations and references.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
due 10-12-23@10am
attached
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