Nursing Homework

Purpose

The Topic Search Strategy paper is the first of three related assignments. The purpose of this initial paper is to briefly describe your search strategies when identifying two articles that pertain to an evidence-based practice topic of interest.

Course outcomes: This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes.

1. Examine the sources of knowledge that contribute to professional nursing practice. (PO 7)

2. Apply research principles to the interpretation of the content of published research studies. (POs 4 and 8)

Preparing the assignment:

Follow these guidelines when completing this assignment. Speak with your faculty member if you have questions.

a. Paper should be 3-4 content pages in length. Title and reference pages are required but are excluded from 3-4 -page length.

2) The paper will include the following sections:

a. Clinical Question

· Describe the problem. What is the focus of your work?

· Explain the significance of the problem in terms of patient outcomes. What health outcomes result from your problem? Or what statistics document this is a problem? You may find support on websites for government or professional organizations.

· PICOT question in support of the group topic.

· State the purpose of your paper. What will your paper do or describe? This is like a problem

statement. “The purpose of this paper is to . . .”

b. Levels of Evidence

· Identify the type of question being asked (therapy, prognosis, meaning, etc.).

· What is the best type of evidence to answer that question (e.g., RCT, cohort study, qualitative study, etc.)?

c. Search Strategy

· List search terms and results.

· Databases used (start with the CU library). Link your search with the PICOT question described above.

· Refinement decisions. As you did your search, what decisions did you make in refinement to get your required articles down to a reasonable number for review? Were any limits used? If so, what?

· Identification of two (2) most relevant articles (primary sources published within the last 5 years).

d. Format

· Correct grammar and spelling.

· Include a title page.

· Use of headings for each section.

· Clinical Question, Levels of Evidence, Search Strategy, and Conclusion

· Adheres to current APA formatting and guidelines.

· 3-4 pages in length, excluding title and reference pages.



NR449 Evidence-Based Practice

RUA: Topic Search Strategy Guidelines

NR449 Evidence-Based Practice

RUA: Topic Search Strategy Guidelines

© 2023 Chamberlain University. All Rights Reserved

NR449_RUA_Topic_Search_Strategy_NOV23 1

© 2023 Chamberlain University. All Rights Reserved

NR449_RUA_Topic_Search_Strategy_NOV23 1

© 2023 Chamberlain University. All Rights Reserved

NR449_RUA_Topic_Search_Strategy_NOV23 1

image1.png

another

Introduction

Whether you are a nurse, a public health professional, a health care administrator, or in another role in the health care field, you must base your decisions on a set of ethical principles and values. Your decisions must be fair, equitable, and defensible. Each discipline has established a professional code of ethics to guide ethical behavior. In this assessment, you will practice working through an ethical dilemma as described in a case study. Your practice will help you develop a method for formulating ethical decisions.

Instructions

Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

For this assessment, develop a solution to a specific ethical dilemma faced by a health care professional. In your assessment:

1. Access the 

Ethical Case Studies
 media piece to review the case studies you will be using for this assessment.

· Select the case most closely related to your area of interest and use it to complete the assessment.

·
Note: The case study may not supply all of the information you need. In such cases, you should consider a variety of possibilities and infer potential conclusions. However, please be sure to identify any assumptions or speculations you make.

· Include the selected case study in your reference list, using proper APA style and format. Refer to the 

Evidence and APA
 section of the Writing Center for guidance.

2. Summarize the facts in a case study and use the three components of an ethical decision-making model to analyze an ethical problem or issue and the factors that contributed to it.

· Identify which case study you selected and briefly summarize the facts surrounding it. Identify the problem or issue that presents an ethical dilemma or challenge and describe that dilemma or challenge.

· Identify who is involved or affected by the ethical problem or issue.

· Access the 

Ethical Decision-Making Model
 media piece and use the three components of the ethical decision-making model (moral awareness, moral judgment, and ethical behavior) to analyze the ethical issues.

· Apply the three components outlined in the Ethical Decision-Making Model media.

· Analyze the factors that contributed to the ethical problem or issue identified in the case study.

· Describe the factors that contributed to the problem or issue and explain how they contributed.

3. Apply academic peer-reviewed journal articles relevant to an ethical problem or issue as evidence to support an analysis of the case.

· In addition to the readings provided, use the Capella library to locate at least one academic peer-reviewed journal article relevant to the problem or issue that you can use to support your analysis of the situation. The 

NHS-FPX4000: Developing a Health Care Perspective Library Guide
 will help you locate appropriate references.

· Cite and apply key principles from the journal article as evidence to support your critical thinking and analysis of the ethical problem or issue.

· Review the 

Think Critically About Source Quality
 resource.

· Assess the credibility of the information source.

· Assess the relevance of the information source.

4. Discuss the effectiveness of the communication approaches present in a case study.

· Describe how the health care professional in the case study communicated with others.

· Assess instances where the professional communicated effectively or ineffectively.

· Explain which communication approaches should be used and which ones should be avoided.

· Describe the consequences of using effective and non-effective communication approaches.

5. Discuss the effectiveness of the approach used by a professional to deal with problems or issues involving ethical practice in a case study.

· Describe the actions taken in response to the ethical dilemma or issue presented in the case study.

· Summarize how well the professional managed professional responsibilities and priorities to resolve the problem or issue in the case.

· Discuss the key lessons this case provides for health care professionals.

6. Apply ethical principles to a possible solution to an ethical problem or issue described in a case study.

· Describe the proposed solution.

· Discuss how the approach makes this professional more effective or less effective in building relationships across disciplines within his or her organization.

· Discuss how likely it is the proposed solution will foster professional collaboration.

7. Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.

· Apply the principles of effective composition.

· Determine the proper application of the rules of grammar and mechanics.

8. Write using APA style for in-text citations, quotes, and references.

· Determine the proper application of APA formatting requirements and scholarly writing standards.

· Integrate information from outside sources into academic writing by appropriately quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing, following APA style.

Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:

·

Assessment 3 Example [PDF]


 Download Assessment 3 Example [PDF]
.

Additional Requirements

Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:

·
Length: 3–5 typed, double-spaced pages, not including the title page and reference page.

·
Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.

·
APA tutorial: Use the 

APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX]
 for guidance.

·
Written communication: Use correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

·
References: Integrate information from outside sources to include at least two references (the case study and an academic peer-reviewed journal article) and three in-text citations within the paper.

·
APA format: Follow current APA guidelines for in-text citation of outside sources in the body of your paper and also on the reference page.

pn 2 m6 written

 

Complete the comparison table for Inflammatory Diseases.

THE ROLE OF THE NURSE INFORMATICIST IN SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION

THE ROLE OF THE NURSE INFORMATICIST IN SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION

Assume you are a nurse manager on a unit where a new nursing documentation system is to be implemented. You want to ensure that the system will be usable and acceptable for the nurses impacted. You realize a nurse leader must be on the implementation team.

To Prepare:

· Review the steps of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and reflect on the scenario presented.

· Consider the benefits and challenges associated with involving a nurse leader on an implementation team for health information technology.

The Assignment: (2-3 pages not including the title and reference page)

In preparation of filling this role, develop a 2- to 3-page role description for a graduate-level nurse to guide his/her participation on the implementation team. The role description should be based on the SDLC stages and tasks and should clearly define how this individual will participate in and impact each of the following steps:

· Planning and requirements definition

· Analysis

· Design of the new system

· Implementation

· Post-implementation support

· Use APA format and include a title page and reference page.

· Use the Safe Assign Drafts to check your match percentage before submitting your work.

LEARNING RESOURCES


Required Readings

· McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2022). 
Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (5th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

· Chapter 9, “Systems Development Life Cycle: Nursing Informatics and Organizational Decision Making” (pp. 191–204)

· Chapter 12, “Electronic Security” (pp. 251–265)

· Chapter 13, “Achieving Excellence by Managing Workflow and Initiating Quality Projects” 

· Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.a). 


Health IT evaluation toolkit and evaluation measures quick reference guide

Links to an external site.
. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://digital.ahrq.gov/health-it-evaluation-toolkit

· Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.b). 


Workflow assessment for health IT toolkit

Links to an external site.
. Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://digital.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/workflow-assessment-health-it-toolkit

Assigment .Apa seven . All instructions attached.

Writing Essay Assignment Week 1

Top of Form

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Weekly Essay/Writing Assignment Content

1.

Top of Form

This week's writing assignment will consist of the following: Select a particular area of nursing that is of interest to you and write a 
short essay of at least 2 to 3 pages about the specifics of nursing research in relation to this area, what can be accomplished by it, and why you believe it to be valuable. Include an explanation of the following questions in your response. 

• What role does nursing research play in the development of applied medicine?

• What are the best methods for conducting such research? Include specific topics you will cover and how this relates to your literature review. You may need to use the Internet for help.

Please review the Assignment Rubric. All students are encouraged to visit the library as you must conduct research from EBP practice journals and research studies. 

 CRITERIA

 OUTSTANDING

 VERY GOOD

 GOOD

 UNACCEPTABLE

 Integration of Knowledge

 

 

25% of the total grade

 
100%

The paper demonstrates that the author understands and has applied concepts learned in the course. Concepts are integrated into the writer’s own insights. The writer provides concluding remarks that show analysis and synthesis of ideas.

Page requirements are met.

 
80%

The paper demonstrates that the author, mostly, understands and has applied concepts learned in the course. Some conclusions, however, are not supported in the body of the paper.

The page requirement is one page below the required amount.

 
60%

The paper demonstrates that the author, to a certain extent, understands and has applied concepts learned in the course.

The page requirement is two pages below the required amount.

 
40%

The paper does not demonstrate that the author has understood, and applied concepts learned in the course.

The page requirement is more than two pages below the required amount.

  
Topic Focus

 

25% of the total Grade

 
100%

The topic is focused narrowly enough for the scope of this assignment. A thesis statement provides direction for the paper, either by a statement of a position or hypothesis. The topic is consistently well thought out, thorough offers insight into the topic, and includes cited evidence to support the topic.

 

 
80%

The topic is focused but lacks direction. The paper is about a specific topic, but the writer has not established a position. The topic is somewhat well thought out, offers limited insight into the topic, but does not include cited evidence to support the topic.

 
60%

The topic is too broad for the scope of this assignment.

 
40%

The topic is unclear or unrelated to the discussion topic with little or no supporting evidence.

  
Depth of Discussion and Cohesiveness

25% of the total grade

 
100%

In-depth discussion and elaboration in all sections of the paper.

Ties together information from all sources. Paper flows from one issue to the next with no headings. The author’s writing demonstrates an understanding of the relationship among material obtained from all sources Mostly, it ties together information from all sources.

 80%

In-depth discussion and elaboration in most sections of the paper.

Mostly, it ties together information from all sources. Paper flows with only some disjointedness. The author’s writing demonstrates an understanding of the relationship among material obtained from all sources.

 60
%

The writer has omitted content. Quotations from others outweigh the writer’s own ideas excessively.

Sometimes ties together information from all sources. The paper does not flow. Disjointedness is apparent. The author’s writing does not demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between material obtained from all sources.

 
40%

Cursory discussion in all the sections of the paper or brief discussion in only a few sections

  It does not tie together information. Paper does not flow and appears to be created from disparate issues. Headings are necessary to link concepts. Writing does not demonstrate an understanding any relationship

  

  
Spelling and Grammar

12% of the total grade

 
100%

Fewer than 5 grammatical, spelling, capitalization, or punctuation errors

The required word count has been met.

 
80%

More than 5 but fewer than 10 grammatical, spelling, capitalization & punctuation errors

The required word count is 25 words below the minimum required count.

 
60%

More than 10 grammatical, spelling, capitalization & punctuation errors

The required word count is 50 words below the minimum required count.

 
40%

An unacceptable number of spelling and/or grammar mistakes.

The required word count is more than 50 words below the minimum required count.

  
Sources

7% of the total grade

 
100%

4 current sources, of which at least 3 are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. Sources include both general background sources and specialized sources. Special-interest sources and popular literature and acknowledged as such if they are cited. All websites utilized are authoritative.

 
80%

3 current sources, of which at least 2 are peer-review journal articles or scholarly books. All websites utilized are authoritative.

 
60%

Fewer than 3 current sources or fewer than 2 of 3 are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. All websites utilized are credible.

 
40%

Fewer than 3 current sources or fewer than 2 of 3 are peer-reviewed journal articles or scholarly books. Not all websites utilized are credible, and/or sources are not current.

  
Citations

6% of the total grade

 

 
100%

Fewer than 5 incomplete citations and/or quotations, and APA format errors

 
80%

More than 5 but fewer than 10 incomplete citations and/or quotations, and APA format errors.

 
60%

More than 10 incomplete citations and/or quotations, or APA format errors.

 
40%

The citation style is inconsistent or incorrect. It does not cite sources.

  

Bottom of Form

Nursing

Reflection # 7

Often, after a class is done for the week, we drop it and move on. The goal of reflection assignments is to encourage you to reflect on what we did in class that week, after the class to consolidate your learning. There will be specific prompts for you to answer; sometimes this is a reflective assignment, and other times it is more of an application assignment (e.g., given a case example and having to apply something from class). The hope is that this will help you to use what you have learned to ensure concepts “stick” or to think critically about your response to what was learned.

Task

Respond to the following prompt and upload your Word document. It should be 1-2 pages and will be due
11:59 p.m. Friday.


Module 6 Reflection

Please watch the brief (3 minute) news clip

Facing Down the Fears of the I-35W Bridge CollapseLinks to an external site.
mentioned during Dr. Hertig's TF-CBT presentation (if interested [
not required], there is also this

brief articleLinks to an external site.
on the same story). After watching the clip and reflecting on course materials for this week, please answer the following questions:

1. What are some factors that may have maintained Saiku's PTSD symptoms?

2. How do you think this trauma (and subsequent symptoms) impacted this child's beliefs about himself, other people, or the world in general?

3. Based on the clip, what are some of the TF-CBT strategies Saiku's therapist, Dr. Hong, used to support his recovery? See slide 55 of Dr.Hertig's lecture materials if you need a reminder of TF-CBT treatment components.

4. How did Dr. Hong make the client comfortable in the process of facing his fears?

Grading Criteria

I'm really not looking to take off points for the reflection assignments. I don't have specific rubrics for them, but if you do not seem to be engaging with the prompt or answering the questions, I may take off points. Each reflection assignment is worth
5 points.

Reply to your classmate


Jasmine Bevel

Friday Sep 15 at 8:25pm

week 3

Some benefits of disruptive behaviors are that it can bring awareness to social injustices and human rights violations.   Disruptive behaviors can draw media attention, bring about awareness, and force people to engage in dialogue about important social movements.   There are negative consequences to disruptive behaviors.  Violence is never encouraged, but when gathering in large groups things can quickly get out of hand and result in serious injury and even death.   Unfortunately, some of the protesters are not participating in the demonstrations to support the cause but may see the gathering as an opportunity to vandalize, loot and destroy property. 

 

The first amendment states that “if a person’s comments disrupt a public meeting to a great degree, then the “rights of other members of the public” are affected and impede the legislative body from continuing its work on behalf of the public.” (St. Clair, 2022). Therefore, it is highly frowned upon and in the mist of these protest and other acts of disruptive behaviors can lead to lawful consequences.

 

The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom is a great example of a benefit of disruptive behaviors.  The March on Washington pressured the John F. Kennedy administration to initiate strong federal civil rights bill in Congress.  Became of this massive demonstration the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was implemented. 

 

 

19, F., | by  Nadra Nittle, Nittle, N., Feinberg, M., Willer, R., & Kovacheff, C. (2021, February 19).
The activist’s dilemma. Stanford Graduate School of Business.

https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/activists-dilemma#:~:text=Vandalizing%20property.,that%20can%20act%20on%20them


Links to an external site.

Acedessays. (2023, September 11).
The benefits of disruptive behaviors in social movements. Medium.

https://medium.com/@theblaster2221/the-benefits-of-disruptive-behaviors-in-social-movements-c018c9100e13


Links to an external site.
 

Katy St. Clair, B. C. N. (2022, October 4).
California’s open meeting law treads fine line between free speech and disruptive behavior. Local News Matters.

https://localnewsmatters.org/2022/09/15/californias-open-meeting-law-treads-fine-line-between-free-speech-and-disruptive-behavior/#:~:text=The%20law%20acknowledges%20the%20First,on%20behalf%20of%20the%20public


Links to an external site.

see atjksbkjfdhg

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Citrix Workspace Environment Management Agent Logoff Log

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Log Start : 8:48:21 PM Sunday, October 22, 2023

Agent Version: 2103.1.0.1

8:48:21 PM Event -> LocalizationHelper.LoadTranslationFileIfNotLoaded() : Detected user culture name: en-US
8:48:21 PM Event -> LocalizationHelper.�() : Using native culture file: en-US
8:48:21 PM Event -> AgentControllersHelper.OpenDataConnection() : Detected connection security -> Unknown
8:48:22 PM Event -> MainController.InitializeConfiguration() : Reading Agent Initial Configuration…
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemAgentConfigurationHelper.ReadAgentStartupConfiguration() : Broker Service Name -> DDMSCTXWEM1.ad.bhssf.org
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemAgentConfigurationHelper.ReadAgentStartupConfiguration() : Broker Service Port -> 8286
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemAgentConfigurationHelper.ReadAgentStartupConfiguration() : Site Name -> VDI
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemAgentConfigurationHelper.ReadAgentStartupConfiguration() : Translation File -> C:Program Files (x86)CitrixWorkspace Environment Management AgentAgent Languagesen-US.xml
8:48:22 PM Event -> MainController.ProcessLogoffMethods() : Reading Agent Configurations…
8:48:22 PM Event -> MainController.StartUserGroupsRetrievalASync() : Starting User Groups Extraction…
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemAgentConfigurationHelper.RetrieveConfiguredUsers() : Retrieving WEM Users…
8:48:22 PM Event -> AgentControllersHelper.SortWorkingSetAccordingToConfiguredPriorities() : Working Set Completed -> Now Listing for trace purposes
8:48:22 PM Event -> AgentControllersHelper.SortWorkingSetAccordingToConfiguredPriorities() : Working Set Group Found -> ADDomain Users (S-1-5-21-73586283-1614895754-682003330-513)
8:48:22 PM Event -> AgentControllersHelper.SortWorkingSetAccordingToConfiguredPriorities() : Working Set Group Found -> Everyone (S-1-1-0)
8:48:22 PM Event -> MainController.RetrieveFilterRules() : Starting Filters Rules Retrieval…
8:48:22 PM Event -> MainController.RetrieveFilterConditions() : Starting Filters Conditions Retrieval…
8:48:22 PM Event -> MainController.ProcessLogoffScript() : Processing Logoff Script…
8:48:22 PM Event -> MainController.ProcessExternalTasks() : Starting External Tasks Processing, context: Logoff
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: True
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: False, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: True
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> VuemExternalTaskController.�() : Settings: executeAtLogon: True, executeAtLogoff: False, executeWhenRefresh: False, executeWhenReconnect: False
8:48:22 PM Event -> MainController.ProcessLogoffMethods() : Agents Tasks End

Renal

Discuss what is happening on a cellular level with the disease process. Be careful to realize that patients have co-morbidities and you may need to discuss the other diseases impact on the pathophysiology and care of the patient.  Three (3) resources after 2008 are required along with APA format. 

Renal Failure

Patient Profile:

J.M. is a 37-year-old woman transferred to a large medical center from a small rural hospital for further evaluation of lower abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and progressive deterioration of urinary output.

Subjective Data:

-Long history of ETOH Abuse with a drinking binge two days ago

-Arthritis with heavy use of ibuprofen

-HTN for three years, treated with hydrochlorothiazide and a calcium channel blocker

-Borderline NIDDM for three years, does not want to take medications and has been trying

to lose weight and “watch her sugar intake.”

Objective Data:

B/P: 160/110 K: 6.3 mEq/L Urinary output: <15ml/hr Na: 149 mEq/L Lethargic Hgb A1C: 9.2%

Creatinine: 9.6 mg/dL BUN: 121 mg/dL

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS…

1. Address how the various factors in her past medical history could have contributed to her present renal problem.

2. Is her acute renal failure likely to be prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal, or a combination? Why?

3. Discuss each of the laboratory values and how they reflect the pathophysiology that occurs in renal failure. What is the significance of her Hgb A1C level?

4. What are the specific priorities of treatment for J.M.?

5. Explain the types of dialysis available, their indications, and their advantages/ disadvantages. What type of dialysis will most likely be used for J.M?

6. After two weeks of intensive support and dialysis, J.M’s urinary output returns. Explain the diuretic phase of recovery in Acute Renal Failure, and what complications can occur.

7. Do you think she needs intervention for her diabetes? What guidelines did you consult? How would you start in treating a patient with newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes? Which medication(s) might you want to start first? What patient education issues would you emphasize in the initial period?

W1 D see attachment

Chamberlain



NR506NP-63763



Modules


Week 1: Barriers to Practice

Preparing the Discussion

Using the readings from this week as well as reliable outside resources to: 

1. Identify and describe practice barriers for all four APNs' roles in your state FLORIDA and discuss these barriers on a state and national level. The four roles include the nurse midwife, nurse anesthetist, nurse practitioner, and clinical nurse specialist.

2. Identify forms of competition on the state and national level that interfere with APNs' ability to practice independently.

3. Identify the specific lawmakers by name at the state level (i.e., key members of the state's legislative branch and executive branch of government)

4. Discuss interest groups that exist at the state and national levels that influence APN policy.

5. Discuss methods used to influence change in policy in forms of competition, state legislative and executive branches of government, and interest groups.

6. A scholarly resource must be used for EACH discussion question each week.