Unit 3 ICD-10 Codes Peer Response. Due 11-14-23. 500w.

Unit 3 Discussion – ICD-10 Codes. Due 7-25-23. 1000words. 4 references

1. Why is accurate coding using the ICD-10-CM important?

2. Use your lecture materials to determine what ICD-10 Codes to assign for this patient encounter.

3. In paragraph form, construct a discussion that supports the Codes you identified. 

4. In the discussion explore how the ICD-10 Codes that you assigned impact third party payor reimbursement for this visit.

5. Summarize an article that pertains to ICD-10-CM

Responses need to address all components of the question, demonstrate critical thinking and analysis and include peer-reviewed journal evidence to support the student’s position.

Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with in-text citations and corresponding references in APA format.

Please review the rubric to ensure that your response meets the criteria.

Chief Complaint:

Older sister reports – “Our mother died three weeks ago and we lost our father several months ago. I think that my sister was depressed and just wanted to be with them.”

History of Present Illness:

31-year-old female who was brought to the hospital by ambulance. She was found slumped over in her car in front of the funeral home where memorial services for both her father and mother had recently been held. On the seat beside her were two empty bottles of sleeping pills, a Bible opened to Psalm 23, and a note that read
: “I am going to be with mom and dad. It is just too sad being here anymore without them. I love you all and you will be in my prayers.” When she was found by the funeral home director her hair was oily and unkempt and she smelled as if she had not bathed in a long time. She was wearing a dirty orange T-shirt and jeans.

PMH:

Depression when she was a junior in HS which led to psychiatric admissions at 15 and 19 years of age. For these admissions she was treated with antidepressants and psychotherapy. Length of stay for both admissions was approximately 5 weeks. At age 19, following a suicide attempt, she met her first husband in the psych ward of the hospital. Diagnosed with bipolar disorder 6 years ago.

Information from Sister:

Older sister reports ‘hard life’. Reports both parents were alcoholics. Parents would go to bars almost every night and leave the 8 children in the care. The children were eventually removed from the home. Some of the children went to the Catholic girls’ home others were placed in “horrible” foster homes where they were subjected to physical and sexual abuse.

Reports numerous siblings, including the patient, have been through several detoxification centers for alcohol abuse.

Patient is in her second marriage with 3 daughters – 2 from the first marriage and 1 from the current marriage.

Reports that after having her third baby the patient went into a ‘terrible depression’. The patient was under the care of a psychiatrist for this depression and was placed on an anti-depressant after about 3 months of being under the psychiatrist’s care. After 3 weeks of being on this anti-depressant the patient is reported as having gotten ‘really weird’; patient was staying up all night pacing around her house and talking to people on the phone, she would go on shopping sprees for 2-3 days at a time and max out all her credit cards. The patient finally crashed and was taken to the hospital by her family and it was during this admission, 6 years ago, that the patient was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Sister reports the patient has been on Lithium since being diagnosed with bipolar disorder.

Reports their father had been sick for a while so his death was not unexpected. However, their mother went downhill fast and the patient is reported to not cope well with the mother’s illness/death.

Reports the patient hadn’t been eating lately with noted weight loss. Additionally, the sister reports the patient had been smoking and drinking ‘more than usual’ lately.

Family Hx:

Paternal grandmother – depression

Two maternal aunts – bipolar disorder

Mother and father – alcohol abuse

Father died from pancreatic cancer

Mother died from heart failure

3 living brothers, 3 living sisters, one deceased brother who had an AMI at age 34

Social Hx:

Divorced and remarried

Worked as a nurse’s aid and health insurance claims adjuster

Attends church regularly

Smoked 1ppd for 15 years

History of alcohol abuse with several DWI violations

History of IV drug use, not in the last 10 years

ROS:

Information from sister:

Neuro – history of migraine headaches since late teens, takes Imitrex prn

SIGECAPS:

Sister reports: at times the patient is up all night – particularly when bipolar symptoms not well controlled, the patient seemed to be more depressed since the loss of their mother, does not believe the patient felt guilty surviving parents, patient has been not been attentive to her personal hygiene, the patient appeared to be obsessing on parental loss, patient appeared to be losing weight and therefore suspect she was not eating well, patient seemed to not be engaging in typical daily activities; patient had not expressed having suicidal ideations, had not expressed homicidal ideations

Medications:

Lithium 600mg po Q AM and 600mg po Q HS

Sumatriptan 50-200mg po PRN

Allergies:

ASA – swelling of face

Physical Examination:

General – lethargic and slow to respond to questions; BP 110/72, P 66, RR 12, T 97.0, SpO2 on RA 95%, Ht 66 in, Wt 135 lbs, BMI 21.8

Integument – skin pale, warm, dry; good turgor; several cystic lesions on chin; no rashes, ecchymoses or petechiae noted

HEENT – Head is normocephalic and atraumatic, pupils dilated with sluggish reaction to light, TMs gray and shiny bilateral, nares patent without discharge noted, no tonsillar enlargement, moist mucous membranes

Neck – supple without adenopathy, no thyromegaly

Lungs – CTA

Breasts – deferred

Cardiovascular – heart with RRR without murmur/gallop, multiple varicosities noted bilateral lower extremities

Abdomen – soft, non-distended, active bowel sounds, non-tender, no organomegaly

Genitalia/Rectum – deferred

Musculoskeletal – no major limitations of ROM or gross abnormalities noted

Neurologic – oriented to person, DTRs 2+ and equal bilateral, no localizing signs, CN II- XII grossly intact

Diagnostics – Na 139 meq/L, K 3.7 meq/L, Cl 108 meq/L, HCO3 23 meq/L, Bun 10 mg/dL, Cr 0.7 mg/dL, fasting Glu 102 mg/dL, Ca 8.7 mg/dL, PO4 3.2 mg/dL, Protein 4.8 g/dL, Mg 2.0 mg/dL, AST 33 IU/L, ALT 20 IU/L, GGT 82 IU/L, Alb 2.9 g/dL, TSH 4.1, Vit B12 203 pg/mL, Hgb 12.2 g/dL, HCT 36.8 %;

Lithium 0.08meq/L

Urine dipstick – 6.3 pH, SG 1.021, all other parameters negative

Assessment:

You will be evaluating the subjective and objective data sets to determine the diagnoses for this patient encounter.

Plan:

The plan cannot be developed until the diagnoses are assigned.

english

NO AI APPLICATIONS

INSTRUCTIONS

Write a paper in APA Style that discusses each of the AACN Essentials and describe how you met each essential. Incorporate evidence from your previous Nursing Evolution assignments, as well as detailed examples from your didactic, skills lab, and clinical rotations.

For each essential include the following:

· A brief summary explanation of the essential that is cited with at least one scholarly source

· At least one example of how you met the essential during your nursing program

·
Paragraph #1: Provides a summary explanation of the essential.  Be sure to reference at least one scholarly source such as the AACN

·
Paragraph #2: Provides specific examples demonstrating how you met each AACN

 
Essential during your nursing program by providing specific examples from clinical rotations, theory courses, skills lab, etc.

PAPER OUTLINE

· Essential I: Liberal Education for Baccalaureate Generalist Nursing Practice
First Paragraph for each Essential: The student provides an accurate and concise summary
paragraph for each Essential. All summary descriptions expertly identify key aspects of each essential. Every
essential is supported with at least one scholarly source. You need to cite your source(s) like the ACCN
Essentials pdf that was provided.
Second Paragraph for each Essential: At least one detailed and explicit example of how the
student met each essential during the nursing program is provided for all nine Essentials. The student expertly
synthesizes and incorporates significant feedback, concepts, and ideas from the week's discussion into the
assignment. It is evident that the student has thoroughly reflected upon and met the nine essentials.
Essential II: Basic Organizational and Systems Leadership for Quality Care and Patient
Safety
Essential III: Scholarship for Evidence Based Practice
Essential IV: Information Management and Application of Patient Care Technology
Essential V: Healthcare Policy, Finance, and Regulatory Environments
Essential VI: Interprofessional Communication and Collaboration for Improving Patient
Health Outcomes
Essential VII: Clinical Prevention and Population health
Essential VIII: Professionalism and Professional Values
Essential IX: Baccalaureate Generalist Nursing Practice

· AACN ESSENTIALS SUMMARY PAPER 3

·

Synthesizing evidence

 How to find the best way to synthesize evidence surrounding professional identity for advanced nursing practice?

Peer response

Peer Response Instructions

· Please respond to at least 
one peer this week. Your response should be thoughtful, respectful, and substantially add value to the discussion. In your response to a peer, explain how you have grown as a BSN nurse in this session.

Kiersten Echols

Oct 23, 2023 at 1:00 AM

  For this discussion board, I chose to appraise the role and responsibilities of the nurse and members of an interdisciplinary team across multiple healthcare settings in recognition, assessment, and interventions for the management of acute and chronic diseases. The role of the nurse is vital to patient care of acute and chronic diseases in many different ways. The nurse's role in all patient care is to educate the patient, advocate for adequate and ethical care, and be a middleman between the patient and the rest of the patient's care team. The nurses are the ones at the bedside assessing the patient and getting to know them. They then take this vital information to the other members of the care team like case management, specialists, or surgeons to provide adequate and holistic care. Without this information from the bedside, the patient wouldn't be able to be taken care of. The other members are vital to the patient's care by providing specific services that the nurse cannot like surgical intervention or certain medication. This class has shown me through each week's case study how important the interdisciplinary team is to the patient's holistic care of acute and chronic conditions. Going further in my practice I will make it a point to advocate for consulting the appropriate teams for adequate and quality care.  

see below

see below

assessment-4 4040

Assessment 4

Informatics and Nursing-Sensitive Quality Indicators

Instructions- Prepare an 8–10 minute audio training tutorial (video is optional) for new nurses on the importance of nursing-sensitive quality indicators.

Introduction- The focus of Assessment 4 is on how informatics support monitoring of nursing-sensitive quality indicator data. You will develop an 8–10 minute audio (or video) training module to orient new nurses in a workplace to a single nursing-sensitive quality indicator critical to the organization. Your recording will address how data are collected and disseminated across the organization along with the nurses’ role in supporting accurate reporting and high quality results.

Preparation- As you begin to prepare this assessment you are encouraged to complete the Conabedian Quality Assessment Framework activity. Quality health care delivery requires systematic action. Completion of this will help you succeed with the assessment as you consider how the triad of structure (such as the hospital, clinic, provider qualifications/organizational characteristics) and process (such as the delivery/coordination/education/protocols/practice style or standard of care) may be modified to achieve quality outcomes.

This assessment requires you to prepare an 8–10 minute audio training tutorial (with optional video) for new nurses on the importance of nursing-sensitive quality indicators. To successfully prepare for your assessment, you will need to complete the following preparatory activities:

· Select a single nursing-sensitive quality indicator that you see as important to a selected type of health care system. Choose from the following list:

·
Staffing measures.

· Nursing hours per patient day.

· RN education/certification.

· Skill mix.

· Nurse turnover.

· Nursing care hours in emergency departments, perioperative units, and perinatal units.

·

·

· Skill mix in emergency departments, perioperative units, and perinatal units.

·
Quality measures.

· Patient falls.

· Patient falls with injury.

· Pressure ulcer prevalence.

· Health care-associated infections.

· Catheter-associated urinary tract infection.

· Central line catheter associated blood stream infection.

· Ventilator-associated pneumonia.

· Ventilator- associated events.

· Psychiatric physical/sexual assault rate.

· Restraint prevalence.

· Pediatric peripheral intravenous infiltration rate.

· Pediatric pain assessment, intervention, reassessment (air) cycle.

· Falls in ambulatory settings.

· Pressure ulcer incidence rates from electronic health records.

· Hospital readmission rate

· RN satisfaction survey options.

· Job satisfaction scales.

· Job satisfaction scales – short form.

· Practice environment scale.

· Conduct independent research on the most current information about the selected nursing-sensitive quality indicator.

· Interview a professional colleague or contact who is familiar with quality monitoring and how technology can help to collect and report quality indicator data.
 You do not need to submit the transcript of your conversation, but do integrate what you learned from the interview into the audio tutorial. Consider these questions for your interview:

· What is your experience with collecting data and entering it into a database?

· What challenges have you experienced?

· How does your organization share with the nursing staff and other members of the health care system the quality improvement monitoring results?

· What role do bedside nurses and other frontline staff have in entering the data? For example, do staff members enter the information into an electronic medical record for extraction? Or do they enter it into another system? How effective is this process?

· Watch the 

Informatics and Nursing-Sensitive Quality Indicators Video Exemplar
.

Recording Your Presentation

To prepare to record the audio for your presentation, complete the following:

· Set up and test your microphone or headset using the installation instructions provided by the manufacturer. You only need to use the headset if your audio is not clear and high quality when captured by the microphone.

· Practice using the equipment to ensure the audio quality is sufficient.

· Review 

Using Kaltura
 for Kaltura to record your presentation.

· View 

Creating a Presentation: A Guide to Writing and Speaking
. This video addresses the primary areas involved in creating effective audiovisual presentations. You can return to this resource throughout the process of creating your presentation to view the tutorial appropriate for you at each stage.

Notes:

· You may use other tools to record your tutorial. You will, however, need to consult 

Using Kaltura
 for instructions on how to upload your audio-recorded tutorial into the courseroom, or you must provide a working link your instructor can easily access.

· You may also choose to create a video of your tutorial, but this is not required.

· If you require the use of assistive technology or alternative communication methods to participate in this activity, please contact 

[email protected]
 to request accommodations.

Instructions- For this assessment, imagine you are a member of a Quality Improvement Council at any type of health care system, whether acute, ambulatory, home health, managed care, et cetera. Your Council has identified that newly hired nurses would benefit from comprehensive training on the importance of nursing-sensitive quality indicators. The Council would like the training to address how this information is collected and disseminated across the organization. It would also like the training to describe the role nurses have in accurate reporting and high-quality results.

The Council indicates a recording is preferable to a written fact sheet due to the popularity of audio blogs. In this way, new hires can listen to the tutorial on their own time using their phone or other device.

As a result of this need, you offer to create an audio tutorial orienting new hires to these topics. You know that you will need a script to guide your audio recording. You also plan to incorporate into your script the insights you learned from conducting an interview with an authority on quality monitoring and the use of technology to collect and report quality indicator data.

You determine that you will cover the following topics in your audio tutorial script:

Introduction: Nursing-Sensitive Quality Indicator

· What is the National Database of Nursing-Sensitive Quality Indicators?

· What are nursing-sensitive quality indicators?

· Which particular quality indicator did you select to address in your tutorial?

· Why is this quality indicator important to monitor?

· Be sure to address the impact of this indicator on the quality of care and patient safety.

· Why do new nurses need to be familiar with this particular quality indicator when providing patient care?

Collection and Distribution of Quality Indicator Data

· According to your interview and other resources, how does your organization collect data on this quality indicator?

· How does the organization disseminate aggregate data?

· What role do nurses play in supporting accurate reporting and high-quality results?

· As an example, consider the importance of accurately entering data regarding nursing interventions.

After completing your script, practice delivering your tutorial several times before recording it.

·
Additional Requirements-Audio communication: Deliver a professional, effective audio tutorial on a selected quality indicator that engages new nurses and motivates them to accurately report quality data in a timely fashion.

·
Length: 8–10 minute audio recording. Use Kaltura to upload your recording to the courseroom, or provide a working link your instructor can access.

·
Script: A separate document with the script or speaker's notes is required. 
Important: Submissions that do not include the script or speaker's notes will be returned as a non-performance.

·
References: Cite a minimum of three scholarly and/or authoritative sources.

·
APA: Submit, along with the recording, a separate reference page that follows APA style and formatting guidelines. For an APA refresher, consult the 

Evidence and APA
 page on Campus.

Context-The American Nursing Association (ANA) established the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI®) in 1998 to track and report on quality indicators heavily influenced by nursing action.

NDNQI® was established as a standardized approach to evaluating nursing performance in relation to patient outcomes. It provides a database and quality measurement program to track clinical performance and to compare nursing quality measures against other hospital data at the national, regional, and state levels. Nursing-sensitive quality indicators help establish evidence-based practice guidelines in the inpatient and outpatient settings to enhance quality care outcomes and initiate quality improvement educational programs, outreach, and protocol development.

The quality indicators the NDNQI® monitors are organized into three categories: structure, process, and outcome. Theorist Avedis Donabedian first identified these categories. Donabedian’s theory of quality health care focused on the links between quality outcomes and the structures and processes of care (Grove et al., 2018).

Nurses must be knowledgeable about the indicators their workplaces monitor. Some nurses deliver direct patient care that leads to a monitored outcome. Other nurses may be involved in data collection and analysis. In addition, monitoring organizations, including managed care entities, exist to gather data from individual organizations to analyze overall industry quality. All of these roles are important to advance quality and safety outcomes.

Reference

Grove, S. K., Gray, J. R., Jay, G. W., Jay, H. M., & Burns, N. (2018). 
Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice (7th ed.). Elsevier.

Competencies Measured-By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:

· Competency 1: Describe nurses' and the interdisciplinary team's role in informatics with a focus on electronic health information and patient care technology to support decision making.

· Describe the interdisciplinary team’s role in collecting and reporting quality indicator data to enhance patient safety, patient care outcomes, and organizational performance reports.

· Competency 3: Evaluate the impact of patient care technologies on desired outcomes.

· Explain how a health care organization uses nursing-sensitive quality indicators to enhance patient safety, patient care outcomes, and organizational performance reports.

· Competency 4: Recommend the use of a technology to enhance quality and safety standards for patients.

· Justify how a nursing-sensitive quality indicator establishes evidence-based practice guidelines for nurses to follow when using patient care technologies to enhance patient safety, satisfaction, and outcomes.

· Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication to facilitate use of health information and patient care technologies.

· Deliver a professional, effective audio tutorial on a selected quality indicator that engages new nurses and motivates them to accurately report quality data in a timely fashion.

· Follow APA style and formatting guidelines for citations and references.

Scoring Guide

Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.

Informatics and Nursing-Sensitive Quality Indicators Scoring Guide

CRITERIA

NON-PERFORMANCE

BASIC

PROFICIENT

DISTINGUISHED

Describe the interdisciplinary team’s role in collecting and reporting quality indicator data to enhance patient safety, patient care outcomes, and organizational performance reports.

Explain how a health care organization uses nursing-sensitive quality indicators to enhance patient safety, patient care outcomes, and organizational performance reports.

Justify how a nursing-sensitive quality indicator establishes evidence-based practice guidelines for nurses to follow when using patient care technologies to enhance patient safety, satisfaction, and outcomes.

Deliver a professional, effective audio tutorial on a selected quality indicator that engages new nurses and motivates them to accurately report quality data in a timely fashion.

Follow APA style and formatting guidelines for citations and references.



·

Theoretical and Scientific Foundations of Nursing

  

APPLYING INTERDISCIPLINARY THEORIES TO NURSING PRACTICE

Recommendations for Life Stages

 

A person’s nutrient needs may change for a variety of reasons, but the most influential is stage-of-life. In this discussion, you will examine two stages of life chosen from the following:

  • Infancy
  • Childhood
  • Adolescence
  • Adulthood
  • Older adulthood
  • Pregnancy and Lactation

For your initial post, address the following:

  1. Identify the two life stages of life you will discuss and list their names in the title of your initial post.
  2. Research and describe the current nutrient recommendations for the life stages you selected.
  3. Suggest foods that would be beneficial for each of the life stages you selected and explain why.

THE IMPACT OF NURSING INFORMATICS ON PATIENT OUTCOMES AND PATIENT CARE EFFICIENCIES

THE IMPACT OF NURSING INFORMATICS ON PATIENT OUTCOMES AND PATIENT CARE EFFICIENCIES

In the Discussion for this module, you considered the interaction of nurse informaticists with other specialists to ensure successful care. How is that success determined?

Patient outcomes and the fulfillment of care goals is one of the major ways that healthcare success is measured. Measuring patient outcomes results in the generation of data that can be used to improve results. Nursing informatics can have a significant part in this process and can help to improve outcomes by improving processes, identifying at-risk patients, and enhancing efficiency.

To Prepare:

· Review the concepts of technology application as presented in the Resources.

· Reflect on how emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence may help fortify nursing informatics as a specialty by leading to increased impact on patient outcomes or patient care efficiencies.

The Assignment: (4-5 pages not including the title and reference page)

In a 4- to 5-page project proposal written to the leadership of your healthcare organization, propose a nursing informatics project for your organization that you advocate to improve patient outcomes or patient-care efficiency. Your project proposal should include the following:

· Describe the project you propose.

· Identify the stakeholders impacted by this project.

· Explain the patient outcome(s) or patient-care efficiencies this project is aimed at improving and explain how this improvement would occur. Be specific and provide examples.

· Identify the technologies required to implement this project and explain why.

· Identify the project team (by roles) and explain how you would incorporate the nurse informaticist in the project team.

· Use APA format and include a title page and reference page.

· Use the Safe Assign Drafts to check your match percentage before submitting your work.

Nursing 3a assignment

1. Read the 

Emotional Intelligence (EI)


 Download Emotional Intelligence (EI)
handout.

2. Then, take the 

EI quizLinks to an external site.
https://globalleadershipfoundation.com/geit/eitest.html

3. After you have completed the quiz, review the scores for the categories: self-awareness; self-management; social awareness and relationship management..

4. Do a self-evaluation and see whether you are high or low in any of the areas.

5. Explain why you may be low in any particular area and then continue on to the questions in #6

6. Finally, answer the following questions below:

a. Addressing the components of EI, can you think of an occurrence at work where EI was used and then why it helped in this particular situation.

b. What is your opinion of EI, is it worth the time learning or is just another fad that will fade away in a couple of years?

7. Your answer should be:

. One (1) page

. Typed according to 

APA Writing StyleLinks to an external site.
 for margins, formatting and spacing standards.

“People may not remember what you said, but they remember the way
you made them feel.” Maya Angelou

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

Introduction to Emotional Intelligence
Emotions play a big role in our lives; they help to guide decisions for the world around
us and influence our interactions with others. Accordingly, emotions are also shaped
from the external world. Emotional intelligence brings control to our everyday emotions
and will affect every aspect of our lives. The ability to control one’s emotions and use
them in a healthy manner can be life-changing. Emotional intelligence combines
emotional and social skills to navigate through organizations and relationships, as well
as deal with emotional stress. It is a skill that can be learned and strengthened, bringing
great success to an individual’s personal and professional life. With an emotionally
intelligent team, maximum success can be achieved.

Defining Emotional Intelligence
Every day we face situations in which we emotionally react. Emotional intelligence (EI)
brings cognition to emotional responses. It involves recognizing, understanding, and
managing our own emotions, as well as recognizing, understanding, and influencing the
emotions of others. This includes being aware of the emotions that drive specific
behaviors. It does not mean denying personal feelings, but rather identifying and
reasoning with them. Developing emotional intelligence is especially important in the
workplace, as it teaches professional and empathetic communication.
The Importance of Emotional Intelligence
Emotional intelligence is incredibly valuable to many major aspects of our lives, our
mental and physical health, professional success, and personal relationships. There are
many positive traits that come from emotional intelligence. In business, emotional
intelligence will cultivate motivation, change, and leadership. It encourages us to step
away from an autopilot mode and become better at navigating through the many social
complexities in life. Respectively, emotional intelligence will help us to create a healthy
and balanced lifestyle. Signs of low emotional intelligence include:
• Having a victim mentality
• Being unaccepting of feedback
• Dwelling on mistakes
• Difficulty listening and connecting
• Often quick to make judgments

Page 2 of 2 Leadership and Management Theory

Who Needs It?
Humans are wired for connection; these connections consist of social interactions full of
emotions. Essentially, identifying and building emotional intelligence is important for
everyone. High emotional intelligence is a hiring trait desired by leading corporations,
and to some extent, more important than IQ. Emotional intelligence provides a strong
foundation for humans to reflect on their emotional responses, including when
managing feelings of stress or overwhelm, creating a collaborative environment, and
having difficult conversations with others. It is the key to achieving success in any
leadership role. When emotional intelligence is lacking from one individual in the
workplace, it affects everyone else within the organization. These repercussions can
include a lower company morale, and decrease in productivity and performance. A
positive work environment requires employees who are willing to coach and motivate
one another, in which emotional intelligence is the foundation.

What Are Emotions?
Since emotional intelligence is all about the management and control of emotions, it is
advantageous to understand what emotions are and why they matter. Although we all
share the same emotions, we do not all experience these emotions the same way.
Emotions are natural reactions that we experience, in response to a situation, mood, or
connection. They signal a change that has occurred within us, or in our environment.
The six basic human emotions, also known as primary emotions, are happiness,
sadness, surprise, fear, disgust, and anger. Emotions may be momentary or long-lived.
There are three key elements of emotions, including the subjective experience (how
someone experiences an emotion), the physiological response (how their body reacts to
this emotion), and the behavioral/expressive response (how they behave in response to
this emotion). Emotions will guide decisions, help us to avoid danger, and motivate
action. Our daily lives are influenced on whether we are feeling happy, sad, or bored.

Practical Illustration
Shawn was in charge of hiring the new marketing analyst. He was looking for an
employee who was knowledgeable in this field, along with great social skills and
emotional control. After reading a few resumes, he had two strong prospects that he
chose to interview. The first candidate, Hunter, had many years of experience. Although
he had a lot of knowledge to bring to the team, he did not demonstrate strong
leadership and interpersonal skills. Shawn’s second prospect, Leah, did not have many
years of experience. Leah understood the essentials for the position, and assured
Shawn that she was willing to learn and transition with the company. She was confident,
empathetic, and professional. The positive impact that Leah left on Shawn had helped
to guide his decision. He believed that Leah was perfect for the position, and would
share her enthusiastic attitude with the rest of the team