BIOS242, Week 2-OL

Name:

Lab 2: Bacterial Isolation

Learning Objectives

· Explain the importance of bacterial growth for the investigation of pathological microorganisms

· Use aseptic techniques

· Explain the concept of a single colony

· Perform plate-streaking techniques

· Use selective media for isolation purposes

Techniques in Lab

· Colony screening

· Sterile technique

· Plate streaking

Introduction: Bacterial Isolation Virtual Simulation Lab
In the Bacterial Isolation simulation, you will investigate the cause of a contamination of poultry meat by a dangerous bacteria strain that is resistant to common antibiotics. After taking samples from the chicken farm, you will work in the virtual laboratory to isolate single colonies of the deadly bacteria among a variety of different species. To do so, you will learn how to work under sterile conditions, and you will be able to practice and perfect your plate streaking technique.

Identifying ampicillin resistant bacteria
The premise of the Bacterial Isolation lab is a report of ampicillin resistant bacteria in poultry meat. You will visit the place of origination, a chicken farm, in hopes of identifying the bacteria strain. The first task is to take a sample, which will contain a variety of bacterial strains, and from that, you must identify which strains are resistant to ampicillin by isolating single colonies.

Aseptic technique
In the Bacterial Isolation lab, you will learn how to use aseptic techniques—for example, remembering to turn on the Bunsen burner and sterile their loop in between streaks.

Plate streaking technique
In order to identify the specific bacteria strain, you will have to perform bacterial isolation using the plate streaking technique. There is an unlimited supply of agar plates, giving you the opportunity to practice this technique as many times as you like. Results are given immediately, as opposed to waiting a full 24 hours for incubation, as when performed in real life as opposed to in a virtual simulation. You will also streak a special Salmonella Shigella agar. The Salmonella Shigella agar contains a certain medium that only promotes growth of Gram-negative strains. Each of the different strains will exhibit a certain phenotype when grown on the Salmonella Shigella agar. By using this information you can identify the specific strain that is resistant to ampicillin. The sample will then be sent for further analysis to fully confirm the identity.

Will you be able to complete the task with your knowledge on bacterial isolation and successfully isolate the dangerous bacterial strain?

Questions:

1. Purpose: Please describe in complete sentences and in your own words, the purpose of this experiment.

2. Why is proper aseptic technique important in microbiology?

3. What is the importance of flaming the inoculating loop or needle before
and after each inoculation?

4. If you do not wait 10 – 20 seconds after flame sterilizing the inoculating instruments before obtaining the sample, what might be the consequences?

5. Why is it important to flame neck of the tubes immediately after uncapping and before recapping the tubes?

6. Reflection: Write 5 sentences on what you learned from this simulation, what did you like and what was something that you would not prefer to be in the simulation.

Grading Rubric:

Activity	Deliverable	Points
Document Submission	Complete lab report and answer questions · Purpose (2 point) · Questions (8 points) · Reflection (5 points)	15
Total	Complete all lab	15

4

 

Discussion Topic: Pediatric Soap Note  (tension headache in a 13 years old adolescent)

Requirements

– The discussion must address the topic

– Rationale must be provided mainly in the differential diagnosis

– Use at least 600 words (no included 1st page or references in the 600 words)

– May use examples from your nursing practice

– Formatted and cited in current APA 7

– Use 3 academic sources, not older than 5 years. Not Websites are allowed.

– Plagiarism is NOT permitted

I have attached the SOAP note template, a SOAP note sample, and the rubric.

Expand on this explanation and provide an example that supports this explanation or respectfully challenging this explanation and providing an example. 

Cost Benefit Analysis and its Impact on Efforts to Repeal ACA

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 was one of the policies in the Obama administration that caused diverse political reactions among the legislators and the public. This policy attempted to address the social injustices in America by prioritizing healthcare delivery, especially to low-income individuals (McIntyre & Song, 2019). Legislators had divided opinions on implementing these policies, as most of them conducted a cost-benefit analysis on its suitability in resolving healthcare issues. The first attempt to replace ACA was in 2017 with the passing of the American Health Care Act (AHCA). Implementing the latter policy would mean that approximately half of the beneficiaries of the ACA would lose access to affordable healthcare services (Issar & Dilling, 2021). The AHCA also proposed a tax credit based on age, an aspect that would increase the cost of healthcare services. Reelection affected the success and implementation of the AHCA to replace ACA. Most citizens supported the ACA, and legislators had no option but to keep it for their reelection, as legislators who opposed it risked losing their seats.

The voters’ views affect the legislators’ positions on the policy as the voters have the power to reelect them. Milstead and Short (2019) ascertain that voters influence important political aspects and determine their implementation or rejection. The best example of the influence of voters on policy issues was the replacement of ACA with AHCA. The voters supported ACA because it increased accessibility and availability of quality healthcare but repelled the AHCA due to the associated taxes and increased healthcare service costs (Wilensky, 2018; Issar & Dilling, 2021). The legislators in the House of Representatives and Senate need the votes to secure their positions, and disagreeing with the voters’ opinions would disadvantage their political careers (Congress.gov, n.d.; United States Senate, n.d.). Therefore, supporting the policy that the citizens support at higher levels increases the chances of legislators retaining their seats, even when they disagree with the policy’s mandates.

Resources to use:

• Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
  • Chapter 3, “Government Response: Legislation” (pp. 37–56)
  • Chapter 10, “Overview: The Economics and Finance of Health Care” (pp. 180–183 only)
• Congress.govLinks to an external site.. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.congress.gov/
• Taylor, D., Olshansky, E., Fugate-Woods, N., Johnson-Mallard, V., Safriet, B. J., & Hagan, T. (2017). Corrigendum to position statement: Political interference in sexual and reproductive health research and health professional education. Nursing Outlook, 65(2), 346–350Links to an external site..
• United States House of RepresentativesLinks to an external site.. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.house.gov/
• United States SenateLinks to an external site.. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.senate.gov/
• United States Senate. (n.d.). Senate organization chart for the 117th CongressLinks to an external site..  https://www.senate.gov/reference/org_chart.htm

 

Analyze the potential effectiveness resulting from professional or nurse-provided social support versus enhancement of social support provided by personal relationship and social networks for parents of children with chronic mental illness.

Please include at lest 400 words and 2 referent