Week 3 Module 3: Health Promotion, Risk Reduction, and Community Assessment

Module Overview

During week three, you will study risk reduction in population health and community assessment. You will complete course activities related to the process of completing a community assessment. A community assessment helps the nurse to:

· Identify the needs of a community,

· Clarify and prioritize problems, and

· Know what community strengths and resources are available to help solve those problems • Promote entry-level competencies in practicing public health nursing at the systems and community levels of nursing practice

Overall Topics

· Health Promotion

· Risk Reduction

· Community Assessment

Module Learning Objectives

By the end of this week, students will:

· Analyze the importance of risk reduction in population health.

· Examine the process and purpose of a community assessment.

· Identify the key components in a community assessment.

· During this course, complete and document a community assessment.

Learning Assignments

1. Read Nies and McEwen, Chapters 4 & 6 (including Table 6.2 – Community Assessment Parameters

2. Refer to Nies & McEwen PowerPoints in module

3. Read article: Caring in the Margins

4. Read 1939 Public Health article

5. Depending on your chosen community, you may do a walking or windshield survey that you will use as part of your data in your community assessment. There is a video example of a Windshield Survey. This is valuable data to include in your Community Assessment! Please note: Do not drive while completing the survey–have another driver when doing the windshield survey or you may also do it on foot, if able.

6. Review: Mustang Library NURS 400 Data Guide:

http://libguides.smsu.edu/nurs40


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. The data guide is set up for NURS 400 at the Mustang Library. It has a menu at the top that includes databases for many of the items you need for your Community Assessment assignment! It also provides a nice overview of data resources available for assessing a community. Please take advantage of this excellent resource for your community assessment assignment.

7. Review: Community Assessment Windshield Survey:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGXMoQjXbUk

8. View: Sample video of a Windshield Survey:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tG9YBqywhiE

9. See course module for all activities

Items Due

1. Synthesis and Application #2 initial posting due on 9/11/23 at 11:59 pm and
two replies to peers due on 9/17/23 by 11:59 pm (discussion is not self-graded) – Caring in the Margins

Discussion Topic

Task: Reply to this topic

Please read the article – Caring in the Margins by Enestvedt et al. (2018). The article discusses essential skills in transcultural nursing around issues of equity and social justice. Consider 'aha' takeaways while/after you read the article. The synthesis and application post focuses on getting you to think a bit deeper on this topic, specific to your own profession and public health nursing. There are three questions for you to answer:

1. Consider your own profession. What do you see as opportunities for adopting pieces of what you read in this article within your current professions and/in public health nursing?

2. Consider your own profession. Are there pieces of what you read in this article that you are struggling with and/or feel are not a fit regarding your profession and/or in public health nursing?

3. What is something you want to know more about, as it relates to this article?

 

There are many purposes for and types of health care data. In this discussion, you will summarize the purpose for and types of health care data, and discuss the emerging field of data analytics and Big Data as they are used in health care management. Include the following in your discussion post:

• Explain the purpose of healthcare data and its relevance to patient outcomes and reimbursement.
• Discuss the difference between:
  • Internal and external sources of data in healthcare
  • Qualitative and quantitative data in healthcare
• Discuss data analytics and how it is being used in healthcare management and healthcare delivery.

 

A. How did the literature change your thinking about your question?

B. To what extent is the answer from the literature consistent with what you expected?

C. Does the literature you have completely answer your question?

Reflection Questions Rubricv3 

Please see the attachment for the instructions

    

Nicole Washington 

        Explain the agonist-to-antagonist spectrum of action of  psychopharmacologic agents, including how partial and inverse agonist  functionality may impact the efficacy of psychopharmacologic treatments.

Neurotransmitters and some drugs that stimulate receptors are  called agonists. Agonists stimulate receptors to their fullest signal  transduction. Drugs that act as agonists are useful in patients who lack  or are deficient in agonist neurotransmitters. In situations where the  actions of a full agonist or partial agonists are undesirable, an  antagonist is required to revert the receptor back to the state where no  agonist exists, back to neutral. Partial agonists act as they sound,  and produce a conformational change of a receptor that is halfway  between the changes of a full agonist and the baseline conformation of  that receptor. An antagonist can also reverse the effects of inverse  agonists to the receptors baseline. An inverse agonist acts to change  the conformation of a receptor to completely inactivate it and remove  the baseline constitutive activity. 

Compare and contrast the actions of g coupled proteins and ion gated channels.

Both G protein coupled receptors and Ion gated channels are a  form of signal transduction cascades in the brain. They are both  triggered by neurotransmitters, and many of the psychotropic drugs used  today affect one of these two cascades. They both perform when an  extracellular first messenger passes a message to an intracellular  second messenger. However, G protein’s second messenger is a chemical,  such as adenosine monophosphate, while the ion channel second messenger  can be an ion, such as calcium. There are two classes of ion channels,  Ligand gated and voltage sensitive ion channels. The ligand gated ion  channels act similar to g protein receptors because they use the agonist  spectrum. Voltage sensitive ion channels are opened and closed based on  the voltage charge across the membrane.

Explain how the role of epigenetics may contribute to pharmacologic action.

Epigenetics determines if inherited genes are expressed or not  expressed into proteins that make up the story of any one person. The  mechanism of epigenetics turns genes on or off by modifying chromatin.  These modifications are regulated by neurotransmitters, drugs and the  environment. So drugs introduced to patients can affect a person’s  epigenetics.

Explain how this information may impact the way you prescribe  medications to patients. Include a specific example of a situation or  case with a patient in which the psychiatric mental health nurse  practitioner must be aware of the medication’s action.

Understanding the way medications will affect patients based on  their genetic makeup, their current medications, the condition being  treated, what causes the imbalance, is all important when prescribing  medications. For example imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant,  inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, elevating these  neurotransmitters in the brain. It is important to understand if this is  the cause of the patients depression before prescribing this medication  because if incorrectly prescribed it could alter the patients  epigenetic mechanisms in an inverse way (Boks, et al. 2012).